2020, Volume 66(70), Issue 2 (June)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Alternative Uses of Paper and Cardboard in Architecture and Construction

TEOFIL CÂMPEAN, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection; SC Rondocarton SRL, Apahida, Cluj, Romania
NICOLAE PEIU, Environmental Protection Agency, Iași, Romania
MARIA GAVRILESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, mgav@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 9 - 29    Download
Abstract
This paper developed an analysis of the relevant uses of paper and cardboard in construction and architecture, as a basis for information for future studies and research. In this context, based on data from the literature it is demonstrated that it is possible that cardboard products with sufficient compressive strength can withstand structural loads, thus providing an alternative to the use of traditional construction materials (concrete and steel), in the field construction and architecture. There is also the potential for the use of cardboard as a material in the construction of assemblies as construction elements, such as panels for walls, roofs and floors, as well as the development of short-lived or temporary buildings. Some houses are made of waste paper and cardboard and can be recycled for the manufacture of cardboard. These recycling processes involve less energy and clearly less raw materials than the production of many other materials.
Keywords: building materials; cardboard tubes; environmental impact; insulation; recycling.

Reactive Arancio Kemazol 3R Dye Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption onto Sawdust

CARMEN ZAHARIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, czah@ch.tuiasi.ro
DANIEL FLAVIAN GRĂDINARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection

pages 31 - 42    Download
Abstract
The paper presents a few findings after some laboratory adsorption tests onto sawdust applied to retain the reactive Arancio Kemazol 3R dye from aqueous solutions by using the ‘batchwise’ sorption technique. For high efficiency of reactive dye removal, some operating parameters such as initial dye solution pH (2.5-10.86), dye concentration (13-60 mg/L), adsorbent concentration (3-80 g/L), temperature (5°C, 20°C and 40°C), and sorption time (0.5-24 h) were studied. The best adsorption performance was obtained at very high acidic pH (2.5-2.8), with sawdust concentration of 13-60 g/L, temperature of 5°C till 20°C, initial intermittent agitation (no more than 3-5 min), continuous sorption operating regime, a minimum contact time of 480 (pH=2.6), or 600 min (pH=5.40), and was varied between 54.77% (5°C, pH=2.6 and 60 g/L adsorbent) and 44.78% (20°C, pH=2.6 and 80 g/L adsorbent). To increase the reactive dye removal must be applied other physical-chemical or biological treatment steps (i.e. coagulation-flocculation, advanced oxidation/reduction, membrane processes as ultrafiltration, ionic exchange, etc.) and obligatorily a neutralization step.
Keywords: adsorption; operating parameters; reactive dye removal; sawdust; treatment efficiency.

A Comparative Study of Zn(II) Ions Biosorption from Aqueous Solution on Red Marine Algae Biomass and Alginate

ALINA-ROXANA LUCACI, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LAURA BULGARIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lbulg@tuiasi.ro

pages 43 - 52    Download
Abstract
The current trend of specialized research in environmental bioremediation is focused on studies related to the biosorption of metal ions on biological materials. Algae biomass is of great interest due to the significant amount of waste found on our Romanian beaches, which is why several researchers have studied its possibility of being used in environmental remediation processes. Because, marine algae biomass has a modest capacity to retain metal ions from aqueous solutions, the extraction of active compounds from their composition could be a solution to increase biosorptive performance in metal ion removal processes. Alginate is an active compound obtained from red marine algae biomass. In this study, we tested the biosorption performance of red algae sp. Callithamnion corymbosum and alginate extracted from them, in retaining Zn(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
Keywords: Alginate; red marine algae; biosorption; Zn(II) ions; aqueous solution.

Resveratrol in the Prevention and Treatment of Oxidative Stress

DELIA TURCOV, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ANCA ZBRANCA, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering
LUIZA IOANA HORCIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DANIELA ȘUTEU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, danasuteu67@yahoo.com

pages 53 - 65    Download
Abstract
The therapeutic approach of some of the most frequent diseases continues to bring about suggestions, studies and solutions regarding the mechanisms involved in their control and the best ingredients for the products in the treatment schemes. Among the bioactive ingredients, the antioxidants are impressively frequent for numerous pathologies. First ranking in this category are the diseases of the century: diabetes, oncology, metabolic, neurodegenerative, as well as certain dermatological diseases. Among these, rosacea, acne and venous ulcer have been most challenging lately as a result of their etiological complexity and the curing difficulties. As issues of great interest for scientific research, antioxidant bioactive compounds are the focus of numerous studies regarding solutions to optimise obtaining methods, successful associations and the best presentation forms in order to be as patient compliant as possible. Resveratrol is an acknowledged antioxidant, largely used both in internal and external usage aimed products. The present paper intends to draw a synthesis of the latest information about the role resveratrol plays in relieving oxidative stress and to suggest new research directions.
Keywords: antioxidant; dermatocosmetics formulas; liquid-solid extraction; oxidative stress; resveratrol.

New Dermatocosmetic Formulations Using Bioactive Compounds from Indigenous Natural Sources

DELIA TURCOV, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LĂCRĂMIOARA RUSU, "Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacău, Romania, Faculty of Engineering
ANCA ZBRANCA, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering
DANIELA ȘUTEU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, danasuteu67@yahoo.com

pages 67 - 76    Download
Abstract
Along with the amazing development of the dermatocosmetic industry, there has also been a surge in the research, concerning the biologically active ingredients for these products. Significant growth has taken place both in the presentation forms of the dermatocosmetic products and in the production methods, which ensure the quality and performance of the bioactive compounds. At the same time, special attention is paid to those pathologies which affect the population more frequently. Among these, rosacea, venous leg ulcer and acne have been some of the most challenging diseases in recent years, due to the complexity of the etiology and difficult healing. Among the most recent components of therapeutic formulas of the above-mentioned diseases, scientific research has shown great interest in bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity, which contribute to combat the effects of free radicals. This paper aims to present several examples of a series of new dermatocosmetic formulations using bioactive compounds from indigenous natural sources, currently existing on the dermatocosmetics products market and also, some new development directions in this field.
Keywords: antioxidants; bioactive compounds; dermatocosmetics; indigenous flora; liquid-solid extraction.