Removal of Nickel from Wastewater Using Ultrafiltration Membranes
GABRIELA CIOBANU, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași,
Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and
Environmental Protection,
gciobanu03@yahoo.co.uk MARIA HARJA, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical
University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical
Engineering and Environmental Protection
Abstract In this study the asymmetric cellulose acetate membranes
prepared by the phase inversion method were used for removal Ni2+ ions from
wastewater. The membrane morphology was studied by Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM) and the pore diameters have been determined by Bubble-point
test (BPT). In the ultrafiltration experiments carried out in a flat-cell
unit, the synthetic wastewater of nickel (10 mg/L) was used. The obtained
results show that the flux and ion retention, increase with increasing
pressure. Keywords: membrane; cellulose acetate; ultrafiltration; nickel
ions.
Effect of Metal Synergy and Loading on Binary W-Mo/HZSM-5 Catalyst for
Non-Oxidative Conversion of Methane into Carbon and Petrochemicals
RONALD MUSAMALI, Durban University of Technology, Chemical Engineering
department, South Africa,
musamalironald@gmail.com YUSUF ISA, Durban University of Technology,
Chemical Engineering department, South Africa
Abstract Processing of energy from fossil fuels is associated with
emission of carbonaceous compounds. Therefore, non-oxidative conversion of
methane into carbon and petrochemicals remediates emission of these
greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. This present study demonstrates the
development of stable, durable, and tunable binary catalyst systems
comprising of W, &Mo supported on HZSM-5. The catalyst systems were
synthesized by incipient wetness impregnation, characterized, and tested for
non-oxidative methane conversion in a packed bed reactor. Reactor effluents
were analyzed using gas chromatography. Based on the results obtained,
competing reactions between different metal species, loading, and synergism
influenced product distribution. Carburized molybdenum (Mo2C) on HZSM-5
zeolite alone exhibited low catalytic activity but on promotion with W, its
activity increased tremendously. The reaction entailed dissociation of
methane molecules on carburized Mo to form C2-species as primary
intermediates which were further oligomerized into aromatics and higher
hydrocarbons in the channels of HZSM-5 zeolite. Keywords: Methane;
non-oxidative; petrochemical; W-Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst.
Chemical Recycling of Wastepaper to Valuable Products
ALEKSANDRA MIKHAILIDI, St. Petersburg State University of Industrial
Technologies and Design, St. Petersburg, Russia,
amikhailidi@yahoo.com NINA
KOTELNIKOVA, Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of
Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
Abstract The aim of the present study was to develop a method for
preparing cellulose-based hydrogels (HGs) from waste paper (WP). Newsprint
paper and various types of cardboard were subjected to pretreatments and
then dissolved in DMAc/LiCl. Stable hydrogels were formed by spontaneous
gelation from the solutions of WP. The properties of the HGs were examined
both chemically and by FTIR, WAXS and SEM. FTIR confirmed the chemical
purity of HGs. The structure of initial samples, HGs and freeze-dried HGs
was characterised with WAXS. The cellulose I structure in the initial WP
samples was totally disordered in solutions and partly recrystallized to the
structure of cellulose II in freeze-dried HGs. According to SEM, the HGs
revealed a random network with evenly distributed through pores of different
sizes. Keywords: waste paper; dissolution; hydrogels; structure;
morphology.
Assessement of Crude Liquid Phase Resulted in Hydrothermal Carbonziation
of Spruce Bark Wastes
IULIANA BEJENARI, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași,
Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and
Environmental Protection GABRIELA ANTOANETA APOSTOLESCU, “Gheorghe
Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu”
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection IRINA VOLF,
“Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor
Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection,
iwolf@tuiasi.ro
Abstract This work aims to investigate the influence of process
parameters on chemical composition of liquid phase resulted from
hydrothermal carbonization of spruce bark (Picea abies). The thermal
conversion of biomass was carried out at 200 and 240°C with a residence time
of 2.5 and 5 h and a solid to liquid ratio of 1:10. Chemical
characterization of liquid phase showed a presence of an important content
of polyphenols and carbohydrates. The process parameters had a significant
influence on chemical composition. Thus, an increase in temperature and
residence time leads to a decrease of total polyphenols content and
carbohydrates as well. Keywords: bio-crude liquid; hydrothermal
carbonization process; total polyphenols content; total reducing sugars
content; spruce bark biomass.
Thermochromic Materials: Oxides with Applications in Intelligent
Technologies
GABRIELA ANTOANETA APOSTOLESCU, “Gheorghe Asachi”
Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of
Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection MIHAELA
AURELIA VIZITIU, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași,
Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and
Environmental Protection CORINA CERNĂTESCU, “Gheorghe
Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu”
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CLAUDIA COBZARU, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași,
Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and
Environmental Protection RAMONA ELENA TĂTARU-FĂRMUȘ,
“Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor
Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection NICOLAE APOSTOLESCU, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University
of Iași, Romania, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and
Environmental Protection,
napostol@ch.tuiasi.ro
Abstract Many types of smart materials have been studied and
developed in the late years, due to their applications in industry
(military, aerospace, medical, construction). The possibilities to develop
environmentally friendly products (e.g. reducing the cost of building
maintenance by using construction materials / smart windows, pollution
reduction by using photo-catalytic active materials) are also studied. This
type of intelligent materials also includes thermo-chromatic materials, able
to change their color with temperature variation. This paper presents the
phenomenon of thermo-chromatism, the main classes of thermo-chromatic
materials, with emphasis on oxide materials, methods of obtaining, their
applications and the current state of research in the field of mechanisms of
producing thermo-chromatic phenomena. Keywords: thermochromic materials;
organic-inorganic hybrid systems; VO2.