2016, Volume 62(66), Issue 1 (March)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Research Regarding the Estimated Relationship Between Soil Salinity Indices

MARIA CĂTĂLINA PASTIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Hydrotechnical Engineering, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, mariapastia@yahoo.com
FLORIAN STĂTESCU,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Hydrotechnical Engineering, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering
VASILE LUCIAN PAVEL,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Hydrotechnical Engineering, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering
LAURA BULGARIU,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
SABINA IOANA COJOCARU, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Biology

pages 9 - 16    Download
Abstract
Despite salinization is one of the most widespread soil degradation processes and affects between 1 and 3 million hectares in the European Union, the measurement of exchangeable cations concentration of soil generates some problems related to the intensity and duration of these laboratory tests for determination. In these context it is desirable to determine relationships between certain models of soil salinity indices. One of these indicators is soil Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP), which is determined using laborious and time consuming laboratory tests. Therefore it may be more appropriate and economical to develop a relationship which uses a more simple soil salinity indicator. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to propose a pattern ESP-SAR for salinized soils from investigated perimeter of Osoi-Moreni, Iaşi County, Romania. The research required the use of pairs of samples, which were collected and processed as the indicated above, to compare ESP values measured by laboratory tests with data from the application of the linear regression equation SAR-ESP. The Bland-Altman method (Bland and Altman, 1999) was used to compare the results from laboratory tests with the results of SAR-ESP model. Statistical analyzes were performed using Microsoft Excel (version 2010).
Keywords: Sodium absorption ratio; Exchangeable sodium percentage; Soil.

Synthesis of 4’-Aminophenyl Benzimidazole

CORINA CERNĂTESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MARIUS CĂTĂLIN CLOŞCĂ,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CLAUDIA COBZARU,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ccobzaru@yahoo.com

pages 17 - 26    Download
Abstract
In order to synthesize new azomethines derivate from p- aminophenyl benzimidazole we tried to obtain the benzimidazole using synthetic paths from scientific literature. Three different synthetic methods have been used, the optimal method has been selected and the obtained product was purified by different means in order to establish the best solvent. The samples were analysed by the means NMR spectrometry.
Keywords: p-aminophenyl benzimidazole; different synthetic methods; NMR spectra.

Adsorption of Crystal Violet Dye onto Modified Ash

MARIA HARJA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA CIOBANU,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LIDIA FAVIER,
"Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, France
LAURA BULGARIU,
"Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LĂCRĂMIOARA RUSU,
"Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacău, Romania, Faculty of Engineering, listrati@ub.ro

pages 27 - 37    Download
Abstract
In the present study, the dye adsorption from aqueous solution, using available resources such as crystal violet as model colorant and ash/modified ash as low cost sorbent from a local power plant. The adsorbent was prepared by the alkaline method and investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Brunauer- Emmett - Teller (BET) methods. The adsorbent in this study had a specific surface area of 41 m2·g-1. The influence of several experimental conditions (initial pH, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, contact time) on dye removal rate was determined via batch adsorption experiments. The highest dye removal rate obtained was about 92% at pH = 10 and ambient temperature. The results obtained in this study confirm the potential of modified ash to be used as efficient adsorbent for the removal of crystal violet dye from aqueous solution.
Keywords: modified waste ash; crystal violet dye; adsorption; factor influence; removal rate.

Challenges of the New Sensors: Nucleobases Containing Materials

ELENA LUIZA EPURE,  "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, lepure@tuiasi.ro

pages 39 - 44    Download
Abstract
The miniaturizing is an important request nowadays. Sophisticated nano-structures are obtained by top-down or bottom-up approach, growing the number of application in various domains like biology, medicine, environmental, information technologie. Due to the simplicity and multiple H- bonding, the nucleobases are very suitable molecules for programmed self- assembled structures. Synthetic chemists encouraged by the vast potential of nucleobases application are in continuum search to apply the recognitive function of these complementary pairs in various domains like self-healing, medical diagnosis, sensors, drug delivery, information storage, purification etc. This review highlights some important recent developments of the nucleobases applications.
Keywords: nucleobases; supramolecular; nanostructures; self-assembling.

Phenol and Colour Removal from Wastewater Using Two Coal-Based Adsorptive Materials: Preliminary Laboratory Tests and Performances

CARMEN ZAHARIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, Romania, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, czah@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 45 - 57    Download
Abstract
Some preliminary laboratory scale set-up results of adsorption process performance using different types of coal, as carbonaceous adsorbents, meaning powder activated charcoal (PAC), or granular activated charcoal (GAC) and mezotrophic peat (MP), applied for phenol and color removal from different high phenol-containing synthetic and real wastewaters were summarized. The influence of high phenol concentration in some adsorption processes applied for synthetic wastewaters (i.e. 10-3,000 mg/L phenol-containing solutions) and real wastewaters (i.e. wastewaters produced in manufacturing of wood fibrous plates, in a furniture processing plant, which was contained a known phenol concentration of 3,000 mg phenol/L) were studied in order to obtain a laboratory estimation of highest performance in phenol removal and its discoloration. The highest phenol removal efficiency, working with a dose of 50 g/L PAC, was of 99.875% in the case of 100 mg/L phenol-containing solutions, 80.70% in the case of 278 mg/L phenol-containing solutions with 50 g/L GAC, and 60.42% in the case of 2000 mg/L phenol-containing solutions with 50 mg/L MP. For the studied real wastewater containing around 3,000 mg/L phenol, the highest removal was of 73.46% for color with PAC, and 57.58% with MP, after 60 min (50.83% after 10 min), and of 95.19% phenol with PAC and 63.30% with MP, after 60 min. These data were useful in preparation of future experiments, and also of in-deep adsorption mechanism characterization for high phenol- containing industrial effluents, its optimization and industrial applications of adequate operating conditions.
Keywords: adsorption; powder (PAC) and granular (GAC) activated charcoal; mezotrophic peat (MP); phenol and color removal; wastewater treatment.