2018, Volume 64(68), Issue 4 (December)

Contents

pages 1- 8    Download

Biosorbent Based on Nonliving Biomass for Textile Dye Retention from Aqueous Media

LUIZA IOANA HORCIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ALEXANDRA CRISTINA BLAGA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CARMEN ZAHARIA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
DANIELA ȘUTEU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, dsuteu@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 9 - 17    Download
Abstract
Due to the benefits of using microorganisms or grafting natural materials as bio-adsorbents, the specialists’ attention has been oriented to developing new techniques of bioremediation, as a part of the environment biotechnologies. The article presents the results regarding the biosorptive behavior of non-living biomass (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) immobilized in alginate granules for removing different organic dyes (i.e. Orange 16, Brilliant Red HE-3B, Rhodamine B, Methylene Blue) from aqueous solution. The biosorption process has been studied in order to establish the optimum conditions of operating process: solution pH, temperature, contact time, initial dye concentration, and type of dye.
Keywords: aqueous media; biosorbent; biomass; biosorption; dye.      

 New Materials for Bone Regeneration

MARIA SPIRIDON, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iași, Romania, dana_spiridon_is@yahoo.com
GRAȚIELA PIRCALABIORU,  Sanimed International Impex, București, Romania, Research Institute of University of Bucharest, Romania

pages 19 - 25    Download
Abstract
Tissue engineering applications are being developed with the aim to regenerate, remodel, replace or support damaged tissues and organs. Many types of biomaterials have been studied for this purpose. The need for development of new biomimetic materials was the answer for many researchers. Scaffolds utilized in diverse applications of medicine, particularly, for bone tissue engineering must include mechanical properties, integration with host, osteoinductive (actively induce bone formation), osteoconductive (guide and support bone regeneration) properties and material biocompatibility. Also they can act as three-dimensional vehicles to deliver cells.to the human body. The best selections for bone defect repair were considered autografts (from the patient) and allografts (from the donor). Wheter or not multiple complications and risks were connected to the use of both types of grafts (Logeart et al., 2005), these remain the principal options for the doctors and patients. Bone is always colonized by osteoblasts and osteoclast cells, so it must be considered as a living tissue.
Keywords: biomaterials; bone formation; scaffolds; tissue engineering.

Rheological Behaviour of Some Gels Based on Gelatin

DAVID-IULIAN LAZĂR, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
IULIAN AVRĂMIUC, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CONSTANŢA IBĂNESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Iaşi, Romania
MARICEL DANU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Iaşi, Romania, mdanu@tuiasi.ro

pages 27 - 32    Download
Abstract
Gelatin is used as an ingredient in many foods and pharmaceuticals as a gelling and thickening agent. The rheological properties are very important in the study of gelatin solutions. The change in the rheological behavior of three gels with different gelatin concentration is investigated. Adding different amount of gelatin in the solution causes a variation of storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G'') and apparent viscosity when measured as a function of strain or frequency. The results show that rheological techniques can be used to determine gel strength.
Keywords: viscoelastic properties; structural stability; gel strength; gelatin; rheology.      

Thermal Characterization of Chocolate. The Polymorphism of Cocoa Butter

VICTORIA BEJENARI, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
LAURA MIHĂILĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
ANDREEA-IOANA PRISACARIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GEORGIANA TĂRĂBOANŢĂ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA LISA, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, gapreot@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 33 - 45    Download
Abstract
The thermal behavior of seven chocolate samples from various countries of origin, which cover all the three types of chocolate – dark, with milk and white – was analyzed. They revealed the influence of composition on thermal stability. Also, it was set out that the presence of coffee in the composition leads to a different decomposition mechanism, respectively, to an additional stage with the Tpeak of approximately 462ºC. The differential calorimetry emphasized the butter cocoa polymorphism in the composition of mass chocolate. It was concluded that a proper storage of chocolate was urgently needed in order to avoid the emergence of the fat bloom phenomenon.
Keywords: chocolate; TG; DTG; DSC; polymorphism.      

Inorganic Transparent Pigments - Optical Properties

NICOLAE APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CORINA CERNĂTESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
CLAUDIA COBZARU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
RAMONA-ELENA TĂTARU-FĂRMUȘ, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
MIHAELA AURELIA VIZITIU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
GABRIELA ANTOANETA APOSTOLESCU, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, Romania, "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, ganto@ch.tuiasi.ro

pages 47 - 60    Download
Abstract
Requirements for high performance pigments and special pigments led to the development of materials that must comply with the increasingly demanding economic market. Manufacturers of these categories of materials work to produce excellent durability, high colour strength, the excellent dispensability across a wide range of binders, chemical stability and low solubility. The paper presents the current literature information on transparent inorganic pigments and their optical properties. Also, the main classes of transparent inorganic pigments are presented with synthesis, structural properties and applications.
Keywords: transparent inorganic pigments; refractive index; iron oxides; ZnO; TiO2.

DANIEL MARECI in memoriam

by ADRIAN CĂILEAN

pages 61 - 62    Download